Research on the Optimal Planting Scheme of Crops Based on Linear Programming Model and Simulated Annealing Model

Abstract

With the continuous growth of China's population, the contradiction between food security and the limited arable land resources has become increasingly prominent. Scientifically planning crop planting schemes and enhancing agricultural economic benefits have become key issues. Based on the data of farmland types, crop yield per mu, planting cost and sales unit price in rural areas in 2023, this paper constructs a linear programming model with the goal of maximizing profits for two scenarios where crop yield exceeds the expected sales volume (the excess part cannot be sold and the excess part is sold at half price). First, collect data such as crop type, cultivated land area, planting area, per-mu yield, sales unit price and planting cost, solve the linear programming model, and finally optimize the model results by using the simulated annealing algorithm. Research shows that. Under the two sales scenarios, there are significant differences in profits between the single-crop planting and mixed planting schemes of different plots, and the free value of the objective function drops from the initial 0.36 to 0.0077, effectively improving the accuracy of the model. This research provides a scientific basis for crop planting decisions from 2024 to 2030, contributing to an increase in agricultural income.