Greenery And Inequality: Racial Disparities in London’s Parks and Health Outcomes

Abstract

This study explores the intersection of racial demographics, green space distribution, and health outcomes across London wards using 2021 census data. Motivated by observed disparities in urban greenery and public well-being, the research applies linear regression to examine how racial composition—specifically White, Black, and Asian population shares—relates to green space coverage and self-reported “very bad health.” Findings show that wards with higher White populations tend to have more green space and report better health, while Black-majority wards have significantly less greenery and worse health outcomes. Asian-majority wards fall in between, showing moderate deficits. These disparities reflect historical patterns of urban planning, racial segregation, and uneven investment. The study highlights how racialized access to urban nature contributes to health inequality, advocating for targeted green infrastructure and planning reforms. By aligning environmental justice with public health policy, this research provides a framework for more equitable urban development.